Understanding Growing Pains in Children Growing pains are a common experience for many children aged 3 to 12 years old. These pains, often described as non-articular and intermittent bilateral aches, typically occur in the legs during the evening or at night. Understanding the nature of growing pains and how to manage them can help alleviate […]
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Understanding Sydenham Chorea (St. Vitus Dance) Sydenham chorea, also known as St. Vitus dance, is the most common acquired chorea of childhood, occurring in 10-20% of children who have had acute rheumatic fever. This condition usually manifests weeks to months after an infection with group A β-hemolytic streptococci, with a peak incidence at ages 8-9
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CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE Mnemonics: CHRONIC Granulomatous Disease C -Catalase positive organism( staphylococcus aureus , Serrantia marcescens) recurrent infection . H- HSCT is only known cure R- Resemble like Chrons disease O- Osteomyelitis, pneumonia , LN and skin Infections are most common illnesses encountered N-NBT test now rarely used. NADPH oxidase component defects I -Itraconazole prophylaxis
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CLASSICAL HOMOCYSTINURIA key points of classical homocystinuria H- High dose of Vitamin B6 is required for treatment+ folic acid sometimes O – Ocular (ectopia lentis) M- Marfan like features ( Arachnodactyly, scoliosis, high arched palate, crowding of teeth , pes cavus ,genu valgum O – Osteoporosis of spine is common Cy- Cysthionine $ synthase (CBS)
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Understanding Congenital Toxoplasmosis and the Mnemonic “3C” Introduction Congenital toxoplasmosis is a serious parasitic infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii. This infection can be transmitted from a pregnant mother to her fetus, potentially leading to severe complications. The risk of transmission is highest during the third trimester, although the earlier the infection in pregnancy, the more
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Understanding Congenital Varicella Syndrome (CVS) Through Mnemonics Congenital Varicella Syndrome (CVS) is a rare but serious condition resulting from a maternal varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection during pregnancy. The consequences can be severe, affecting multiple organs and systems in the developing fetus. To better understand and remember the key features of CVS, the mnemonic VARICELLA can
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Waardenburg Syndrome: A Rare Genetic Condition Waardenburg Syndrome (WS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by distinctive features affecting the appearance and hearing of individuals. MNEMONICS :WARDEN W: White Forelock One of the hallmark features of Waardenburg Syndrome is a white forelock, where a patch of white or lighter-colored hair is present at the front
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Mongolian spots What are Mongolian spots? MS are a type of birthmark that appears on the skin of some infants at birth or shortly after birth What does MS look like?They typically look like flat, bluish-gray or bluish-green patches on the skin.Where does MS appear?MS commonly appear on the lower back and buttocks, but they
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Cradle cap What is cradle cap?Cradle cap, also known as infantile seborrheic dermatitis, is a common skin condition that affects newborns and young infants. It is characterized by greasy, yellowish or brownish patches on the baby’s scalp. While it is not harmful and usually resolves on its own, it can be concerning for parents due
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Treatment of nephrotic syndrome in children Confirming the Diagnosis of Nephrotic Syndrome. The diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome is confirmed by urinalysis with first-morning urine protein: creatinine ratio and serum electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, albumin, and cholesterol levels; evaluation to rule out secondary forms of nephrotic syndrome (children ≥10 yr): complement C3 level, antinuclear antibody,
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